I know 3 ways of working calves.. (all raises though)
1. Sitting calve raise (Hammer Strength)
2. Standing Calve
raise machine (Life Fitness, etc.) <- this gives makes my calves burn like hell.. I have to lower the weight or reps!
3. Regular stairs! (with a belt and weights attached). <- I did this one in highschool instead of #1.
The more movement you do the more you WILL feel the burn! Having JUST the balls of your feet- just enough so you don't lose form and balance, and being able to have your heels go down the farther you go the more you will feel it.
To me my calves look small, but everyone says they look normal. I don't think there are really any other specific "calf" workouts other than raises. I feel my calves worked out a little bit when I do curls, but thats about it. Maybe have one day just for legs or even just for calves only.